Sunday, 25 November 2012
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Arranged Marriages: Do They Work?

It is common practice in modern Western society for a couple to fall in love and spend time together in order to get to know each other well before deciding to get married. In other cultures, religions, and societies, however, the order in which these events occur can be switched around.
The Unification Church, for instance, which was started in 1954 by Sun Myung Moon, still believes in the age-old practice of arranged marriage. Unification couples are set up by head members of the church. Marriages are held in mass ceremonies known as Blessing ceremonies at which hundreds of couples get married at once. Most couples getting married at these ceremonies have never before met, or met for the first time only days before, but they are determined to make these marriages work because they believe that because they were brought together by the church through the Blessing ceremony, their marriage is not sinful.Additionally, some Eastern societies still predominantly practice arranged marriages. These marriages are usually set up by family members or religious leaders. Although the marriages are arranged by other people, today, it is no longer an obligation for the two people involved to go through with the marriage if they do not think it would work. It is now common practice for the couple’s families to arrange an introductory meeting time for the two people, and the couple-to-be takes the time to talk. If the two people feel, from this initial introduction, that they could make a lasting relationship work, they proceed to set up a wedding date; if not, they break off the arrangement.
Do arranged marriages generally work out? Although their marriages are generally arranged, the Unification Church has a much lower divorce rate than the general population. Today in the United States, about 50% of marriages end in divorce; among members of the Unification Church, that rate is only 30%. Many people argue, though, that these statistics are not indicative of the success rate of arranged marriages in general. After all, in order to be a practicing member of the Unification Church, a person must live up to certain moral and religious principles that the general population, as a whole, does not commonly observe.
In India, arranged marriages set up by family members or professional match makers are the norm. The divorce rate is only 1.1%. Of course, in India, there are societal pressures to remain married, as a couple who divorces brings great shame upon the entire family; therefore, it is doubtful that this statistic accurately illustrates couples’ satisfaction within their arranged marriages. It is also believed that the low divorce rate in India, as well as other countries in that region, is partially a result of their society’s repression of women. In some cultures, women are very much still dictated by men and are still considered "property."
Of course, an arranged marriage and a marriage in which love is present are not mutually exclusive. Many people in arranged marriages say that although they were not in love with their partner when they married, over time, they grew to love their partner as they spent more time with that person through living their daily lives together and being forced to work in a partnership.
Are there lessons about marriage in general that we can take away from those who are in arranged marriages? Why do you think the divorce rates among people in arranged marriages are so low?
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Comments (20)
I grew up in the Unification church, but decided to "leave" last year. Back in the day, like for my parents, Moon used to have everyone in a large room together and pretty much paired people randomly. My parents are still together and generally get along, but I often question whether they actually love each other in a romantic way. Their personalities totally clash. I wonder if they would have been separated long ago if it weren't for their religious beliefs and my mother's financial dependence on my father. I think my father cares more for my mother than she does for him. The matching process has changed a lot over the years and now the "candidates" have a lot more say in the decision and work with their parents to find someone. My older brother actually just got matched two years ago, married last year, and his wife is now due to give birth to their son in January. I'm not very close to either him or his wife so I don't know what their relationship is like. But a lot of the younger people in the church, who grew up in it without choice, have ended up following its teachings and going so far as to get matched/"blessed," only to have their relationship not work out. Then what are you supposed to believe? Anyway, I guess the whole basis for the arranged marriages in the Unification Church is that marriage should be a completely selfless act; i.e. you shouldn't love someone for what they do for you/how they make you feel, but just because he/she is a child of god; therefore you shouldn't choose who your partner is because you should be able to love anyone. Or something along those lines. I guess it works for some people but in my opinion, putting that kind of pressure on yourself to make your relationship work ends up being self-destructive. You blame yourself for not being able to love your partner. I don't think the divorce rates themselves tell much. A lot of people remain married without loving each other. I'm lucky to have parents with a pretty okay relationship, but I knew a lot of people in the church with separated parents, parents who fought a lot, etc.
No doubt there's definitely gotta be a lot of societal/cultural pressure to make most arranged marriages last and that contributes to the success rate, but at the same time I'm sure at least some of those arranged marriages still produce couples that are equally as happy in their marriages as couples in marriages that weren't arranged.
I think if both people are okay with it and it's not hurting anybody then to each their own. That is, if both people voluntarily choose that as part of their religion or lifestyle it's all good.
@mystery_eggplant@xanga - Wow, thanks for the info. I was kind of wondering why they'd mass marry like that, and your comment is intriguing and informative. Very well written!
I think if people voluntarily want to have their marriages arranged (like by their parents) and both people have the right mentality for it, in terms of wanting to commit themselves to growing together, I think their can be a quite beneficial outcome. However there is the risk of both people intensely disliking each other in spite of the qualities that either person was selected for in terms of them being a suitable mate at face value. But then again, part of the reason why very long lasting marriages work out I think, are because there is a certain degree of resignation on both sides and there are less expectations in terms of chemistry, spontaneity, etc. ( but to be fair my maternal grandparents have been married for 60 years and they travel the world and still have a sex life which is something I didin't want to know lol) If both people want stability, compromise from the other, and the desire to benefit from automatically expected reciprocal acts, then I think that if such a thing is clearly understood, "excitement" and "mystery" are largely irrelevant, and both people clearly recognize that their purpose is to be a reciprocal support for the other.
I think arranged marriage divorce rates (societal pressure notwithstanding) can be contributed to the fact that they are not in love, but are married for other reasons. Love is a temporary emotion caused by hormones in the brain. Getting married solely for love never seemed like a smart idea. More goes into making a marriage work besides love. Hell, I refused to marry for love. When my husband and I agreed to get married, we did so because of financial reasons, lifestyle compatabilities, and because we liked each other. I figured that love would come eventually and it did. We have been together for only five years, but it seems like our marriage is devoid of some of the problems that my in-laws and siblings that were married for a similar time have had to deal with.
Arranged marriage = Life sentence without parole
Arranged marries are okay ... but people should be forced to date like, 12 people before they decide to get married. Dating is great experience for dealing with the opposite sex and figuring out what you like in a person.
I have never heard of this religion. Marriage itself is a contract/enslavement of one's body to another in exchange for the same in return, based upon feelings. I consider it irrational and (though I am a monogamist who favors long-term relationships) I do not believe in unconditional commitment.
And that's my feeling on marrying someone I am in love with.
The idea of selling my soul for the soul of another whom I do not value sounds like a step up from Hell to me.
@Chibi_Son_Gokou@xanga - exactly
My two cents on Indian marriages:
a) Please don't spread the myth that India has a blanket culture of oppressing/repressing women. It's true that there is still a lot of societal gender discrimination in India, but there *are* a large number of forward-thinking families who respect women and their rights.b) Modern Indian arranged marriages often happen via family members who know that some relative is looking for a potential partner and know someone else who might be an appropriate match. It's the equivalent of your friend setting you up with their friend, except the friend is actually a family member who probably knows you much better and can thus help make a much more informed match. It's then up to the two involved to meet each other, date for a while, and decide whether or not they like each other-- it's not like they're matched up and then forced to be together forever. The low divorce rate also stems from a societal understanding of compromise in marriage. It's not perfect, but it's not *just* societal stigma.
Yes, there are still a large number of societal issues in India, but most of those stem from problems much more complex than arranged marriages. Please don't make judgments about India from a cursory understanding of the marriage system there.
Well, not everybody has the same idea of what marriage is. Arranged marriages typically last longer than love marriages because they each expect different outcomes. If you expect somebody to love you for the rest of your life, it can cause problems because emotions change. Arranged marriages typically occur because of a specific reason that doesn't change.
maybe they use threat tactics and might threaten harm to the woman's entire family if she divorces him. she has a choice of remaining poor or marry rich and the guy gives monetary gifts to her family as dowry, so she sacrifices herself for the sake of her family's lifestyle. that's what I've seen in some asian dramas. not india dramas. I mean chinese dramas where the rich family basically buys their son a wife. the dramas were way older than in the 1950's. probably in one of those dynasty eras. I'm not sure which famous dynasty or whatever. they dressed like emperors and such. it works because it was forced to for their own image. the poor want a way into the rich palace of the emperor, but some of the royalty want to escape the restricted life. the grass is greener on the other side for some people. I don't know about the religious arranged marriages that you're talking about. I only know of the arranged marriages of the rich.
From the way my life is heading I am on the road to getting an arrange marriage. As much as I would love to have the "falling in love process, getting married " and all that jazz. I just don't see myself meeting anyone. My parents want me to be married and have kids etc. But I think I might be unhappy with the fact that I had to go through the arrange marriage route instead of finding someone on my own. Which I guess brings upon the fact that I shouldn't get an arrange marriage if I don't want tor. Don't get me wrong I've had my share of relationships which never worked out for the right reasons. I well I am only 23 I've got some time, who knows maybe my mind will change about what I want.
@anonymous - my dad's parents are in their 80s now and were the first in each of their families to not participate in arranged marriage. My grandfather is from India-he met my grandmother when he moved to Kenya for work. My dad and his brother and sister were born there and moved to Long Island NY when he was a teenager. People tend to assume that Indians in general are very old-school and stuck in "out-dated" traditions. Totally not true! My dad married my mom-a German/Irish/English woman-because he was taught to be a progressive thinker. Sure his parents are closed-minded in some ways (especially regarding mental illness and LGBT rights. But that could be attributed to the generation gap) but like you said not every Indian is forced into an arranged marriage. AND not everyone who gets one now is FORCED into one and end up unhappy.
Because like you stated; Like in India, in the churchs, there is a big cloud set upon people who get divorced. So they are forced to work out their issues together, not with a lawyer present.
It's not so much that the marriages are arranged, as much as it is that the arranged marriage is an artifact of having a fundamentally different view on marriage, and that is what makes those marriages strong.
In contemporary western cultures marriage is viewed by most people as a long term dating relationship but with some extra legal status added. The idea behind dating relationships is that they are based on feelings or lust, and whenever that ebbs you are free to bail.
I am going to talk about Indian culture because that is what I know the most about. In Indian culture they typically don't date, or have sex before marriage, and often do not even move out of their parents house prior to marriage. Marraige is part of being an adult, and breaking the trust of marriage makes one a social deviant. They go into it with the expectation that it is permanent, and work around problems or through them rather than bailing on eachother. Their values and culture is such that divorce is not considered as an option, and a person who does get a divorce has very little chance of ever being able to remarry within their culture.
Since their focus is on building a lasting permanent relationship they often will have parents or professional match makers search for a spouse, and typically the children have veto power if they do not like the prospective spouse. But once they find someone and agree to everything, then that's it.
while i normally have a policy of not reading anonymous comments (let alone responding to them), i kind of have to agree that i don't really think it was great professionalism to speak about a culture as if you are an expert. i almost had an aneurysm reading this post because there were so many "citation needed"'s popping up left and right.
i'm all for being offensive and politically incorrect (as i'm sure you've seen), however i think when presenting things in a factual manner, a different and more academic approach needs to be taken. i'm sure you had good intentions, but you should really be more careful next time.
@anonymous - @TheNotoriousGOD@xanga - I apologize if the information I presented was not 100% accurate, and I wish to explain myself so you do not assume that I blindly use stereotypes to guide my beliefs about a certain culture or group of people.
You are both absolutely right: one cannot simply speak about another culture as if that person is an expert, particularly if that person is not a part of that culture.
When I was doing research for this article, I came across this news article: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/05/31/arranged-marriage_n_1560049.html The article presents a statistic stating that 90% of marriages in India are arranged. I am not Indian myself, but I do live in an area heavily populated with Indian-Americans (I even teach all Indian students at a learning center, so I have a lot of interaction with these students and their parents.) Many of parents of the students I teach who immigrated from India are from arranged marriages, and some of the women have mentioned feeling repressed in their society. I also have friends from high school who went to college there and mentioned the same thing about the repression of women, but now that I think about it, perhaps they may feel repressed compared to the lifestyle they were used to leading in the United States, which is where they grew up. I therefore made assumptions, based on what this article said coupled with my own knowledge of the Indian people I know, about the Indian culture, and for this I am sorry.
I agree that making assumptions like these is not professional, and I apologize for anybody I may have offended by my assumptions. That was careless on my part. I will consider this a learning experience for my writing in the future.
Non arranged marriages...do they work?
The answer to both questions is: sometimes@iamnotyourgrandma - hahaha. relax. you can't go through life worrying about whether you're offending people--not to mention this is just the internet. i assure you other d-ish editors have made much more egregious errors, like when someone posted a 100% plagiarized post and didn't have the decency to publicly apologize when i called him/her/them out on it.
i certainly am no expert on any culture (save for new york culture, i suppose). my remarks were intended to be geared toward the whole post, not just your commentary on brown people. i don't care if people say disparaging things about various cultures, it's not like any one culture is perfect--all i was saying is that you should cite your sources (on all claims that aren't common knowledge), or maybe acknowledge that you're drawing your conclusions only based on what you've seen through your tutoring (for example). though the other anonymous individual may have complained anyway--there's always some sensitivity about this kind of thing--i wouldn't have said anything if you had linked the huff post article (and similar sources) with your post. i do research for a living, i call bs on people, even published papers, all the time. i know you identify as a phd student. it's our job to do that.
anyway, thanks for responding, and please know that i don't hold any grudge over this. it takes a lot more to piss me off...only 2 editors in the rich 4 year history of d-ish have really made me hate them, and that's cause they were both arrogant bitches. if you were headed down that path, i'd have called you out on it already, don't worry, hahaha.
I've also heard that some arranged marriages last longer, compared to voluntary ones. I had this discussion with a friend of mine not too long ago. It makes sense that if you fall in love from the start, your relationship has to stand the test-of-time. And like a previous comment mentioned, feelings change. People who get together for less romantic reasons (arranged), will probably learn to love over time. It's like these two types of relationships blossom in opposite directions (I forget the name of that trend, inverse relationship? wtv).
I think the take-away here is, people have to confront the reality that the burning desire may not always be there and the physical attraction can fade. If the couple hasn't built a sound foundation, then it'll be hard staying together when sh*t hits the fan.